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Sunburn treatment. If a burn has developed, treatment at the first stage (in the first 1-2 days) is designed to cool the skin, reduce pain and itching after a sunburn. As the edema subsides, peeling of the skin appears, the purpose of the treatment procedures is to moisturize and accelerate regeneration. The most affordable help at home is a cool shower, cold compresses on the burned area, and the use of regeneration enhancers (panthenol). In mild cases, pain and swelling of the burned skin disappears on its own in 2-3 days, and redness and peeling - in about a week. In some cases, seeking medical attention is simply necessary. This should be done if there are blisters on the skin, if 50% of the body area is affected; if the body temperature rises, the head hurts, the more nausea is present - there is reason to assume sunstroke. In intensified treatment, it is used in a hospital with the aim of replenishing the loss, pain relief, in case of complications, glucocorticosteroid drugs and antibiotics are used.
Using sunscreen is the primary means of preventing sunburn. Sunscreens or photoprotectors are substances that can interfere with the action of ultraviolet radiation on the skin. Today, there are many varieties of sunscreens that are produced and sold in various overdose dosage forms - in the form of creams, ointments, sprays, oils, lotions, etc. Commercially available sunscreens can separately protect the skin from the action of medium wave (ultraviolet type B) or long-wave (ultraviolet type A) ultraviolet radiation. There are also photoprotectors with a combined effect (that is, they protect the skin from both A and B ultraviolet radiation). All SPF-labeled sunscreens protect the skin from sunburn. SPF (sun protective factor) is the ratio between the minimum dose of ultraviolet radiation that can cause erythema (redness) on the skin when sunscreen is applied and the minimum dose of ultraviolet radiation that causes erythema, but without the use of a photoprotector. This degree in SPF is expressed quantitatively - in numbers from 1 to 100. The higher the number, the more powerful the protection against medium-wave ultraviolet radiation. The optimal protection factor for 1-2 photopips in the middle band is 50+.